维生素B-健康必需品 维持人体正常代谢的基本营养需求,除蛋白质、脂类、糖类、无机盐和水外,还必须摄入各种维生素。维生素是维持生命的元素,是人类食物中不可缺少的物质,人体有如一座极为复杂的化工厂,不断地进行着各种生化反应。其反应与酶的催化作用有密切关系。酶要产生活性,必须有辅酶参加。已知许多B族维生素是酶的辅酶或者是辅酶的组成分子。因此,B族维生素是维持和调节机体正常代谢的重要物质。如果机体缺乏某种B族维生素,将会影响身体的正常生长发育,甚至会导致B族维生素缺乏病。 B族维生素是维持人体健康和生长发育不可缺少的营养素。它对增进食欲、保护神经系统功能、促进消化吸收等都有十分重要的作用。现代人所吃的食物,大多经过精加工,大量的B族维生素随之减少或消失。同时,吃了精糖添加的食物后,降低食欲,又扩大了B族维生素的缺乏。而B族维生素属于水溶性维生素,不能在体内储存,适合适量多次摄入,经常补充。此外,压力、挑食、节食减肥、不吃早餐、饮食不规律、吸烟喝酒、服药及环境污染等因素都能加速人体内B族维生素的消耗。而多数B族维生素不能在体内合成或合成量极少,只能靠挖外源摄入。所以,为了补充膳食中供给的不足,降低发生某些慢性退行性疾病的危险,应适当补充B族维生素。
7种B族维生素 (1) 硝酸硫胺素(VB1) a、 是维持心脏、神经及消化系统正常功能所必需的物质。 b、 参与人体内的能量特别是糖的代谢,在能量代谢中起辅酶作用。 c、 预防和治疗脚气病。 d、 维持正常食欲,健康的神经状态。 (2)核黄素(VB2) a、 可促进蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪及核酸的代谢。 b、 维持正常视网膜和视觉功能,促进生长。 c、 预防咽喉炎、口角炎等各种皮肤、粘膜和眼部的病变。
(3)烟酰胺 a、 是构成辅酶的重要成分之一。具有促进细胞新陈代谢和扩张血管 的功能。 b、 降低胆固醇和甘油三酯的作用。防治癞皮病、动脉硬化等。 c、 促进生长发育。 (4)泛酸 a、 具有抗脂质过氧化作用。 b、 是辅酶A前体物质。缺乏泛酸会引起肌肉酸痛或痉挛、肾上腺机 能不足、精力缺乏、忧虑等症状。 c、 可治疗神经系统紊乱,神经炎等症。 (5)盐酸吡哆辛(VB6) a、 参与多种物质的代谢,并能够刺激白细胞的生成,增加血红蛋白 的合成。是制造红血球的必要物质。 b、 防治因大量或长期服用异烟肼等引起的周围神经炎、失眠等。 c、 防治婴儿惊厥、痉挛症。 d、 辅助治疗缺铁性贫血。 (6)维生素B12 a、 促进红细胞的发育和成熟,使机体造血机能处于正常状态,预防恶性贫血。 b、 参与氨基酸的代谢及核酸和蛋白质的合成。消除烦躁不安。 c、 具有止痛和抗炎作用。 d、 维持神经组织的正常功能,改善睡梦状况。 (7)叶酸 a、 对蛋白质、核酸的合成,氨基酸的代谢有重要作用。 b、 预防巨细胞贫血的发生。 c、 预防胎儿神经管畸形的发生。 d、 预防某些心脑血管疾病的发生。 e、 有助于稳定精神状态。
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) 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AEwqTSirWqY3LS6py2zF03OfS9EzGbjWd070fOD/fvTJOJ6aRfQml6D6QuygAwN+OJJ4lj2s047rRSuw/V6qoKZ8l5s5GcHLd1v/sD3T5ytNLSDbmqO+UFJcp7N0rO9gzpeyciEzsOnI/dwFR1xK0QjP+IBaWKN7oeczm80xbm/YNEKlyTJabTLsZytFIAK+hz/7YjUi7/lNGemp5MS77Y/L7glJEZ6z/FTaT07R/b29AAgL8GAFsGy0sqOU26AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC) 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